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Woon TURNING MAGHINB.

No. 476,696. Patented June '7, 1892.

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STONBR 8u 1:'. M. PENNE-BAKER.

woon TURMNG MACHINE.

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A. sToNER an F. M. PENNBBAKBR'. WOOD TURNING MACHINE.

No. 476,696. Patented June 7, 1892.

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ABRAHAM STONER, OF STONY POINT, LOUISIANA, AND FRANCIS IVI. PENNE-BAKER, OF PLEASANT HILL, KENTUCKY.

WOOD-TURNING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,696, dated J' une7, 1892.

Application filed August 14, 1891. Serial No. 402,680. (No model.)

T all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that we, ABRAHAM ST'ONER, of Stony Point, East Baton Rougeparish, State of Louisiana, and FRANCIS M. PENNEBAKER,

of Pleasant Hill, Mercer county, State of Kentucky, have invented a newand useful Improvement in lVood- Turning Machines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Our invention is an improved machine for 1o turning solid stavelesshulls or bodies of tubs, buckets, or analogous wooden ware from a solidblock. It is more particularly a practical improvement upon the machinefor the same purpose which was designed by one of the above-namedinventors-namely, Abraham Stoner-and for which he has received LettersPatent of the United States No. 1,182, dated May 4, 1386.

Some of the chief objects aimed at and atzo tained (as proven by actualwork with this machine) are increased simplicity and strength of parts,greater accuracy of adjustment and reliability o f operatiomandespecially greater compactness and adaptation for convenientmanipulation and control of the machine by the operator, whereby thework is not only done better, but more expeditiously and economically. v

In the accompanying drawings, (three 3o sheets,) Figure l is a side viewof the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, and Fig. 3 is an endview. Fig. 4 is an end view of a wooden block which has been cut asrequired to form a series of tapered hulls or bodies for buckets. Fig. 5is an enlarged longitudinal section of a portion of the bed-frame andadjustable work-holder. Fig. 6 is a vertical enlarged section on line 66 of Fig. l. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the cutting-tool. Figs.

4o S and 9 are views representing the gages for determining theadjustment of the tool-holder.

All the movable or operative parts of our machine are attached to astationary frame A, which is practically an ordinary lathe-bed.

On one end of this frame are arranged the adjustable work-holder B andits attachments, and on the other end of the saine is mounted thesliding carriage C, which carries the cutting-tool N, while the meansfor automatically 5o stopping the carriage in its forward movement areapplied to the front side of the frame A, as

shown. The work-holder B is pivoted on the said frame, so that its outerend may be adjusted laterally, as required, to set the work or woodenblock X at the proper angle to the cutting-tool for the purpose ofgiving taper to the vessel. For the purpose of fastening the work-holderB when thus adj usted we employ the clamp-bolt b, which works in an arcslot in the bed A and is provided with a iianged 6o head thatworks infrictional contact with the under side of the plate on which theworkholder is pivoted. By turning the nut b on the upper end of saidbolt b the work-holder Bis clamped and held in any required adjustment.An arbor h2 is mounted in the work-holder B and provided with the fastand loose pulleys h3 and b4.

The wooden block X, from which the buckets are to be cut,is mounted onthe inner end 7c of the arbor i12-that is to say, the squared portion ofsuch arbor passes axially through the block, which is clamped in placebetween the iXed collar and a nut b5, screwed on the end of the arbor.The other or outer end of the arbor carries a fixed pulley h6, providedwith lateral flanges for holding in place the belt I), that runs on it,and the larger pulley e, fixed on a shaft E, arranged longitudinally inthe lower portion of the frame A. A cone- 8c pulley e is mounted on theother end of said shaft, and from it a belt B runs to the conepulley fon the outer end of the feed-screw shaft F, which feeds thetool-carriage C. The arbor b2, carrying the work X, is rotated by a beltD2, running on its fast-pulley b3 from any suitablemotor. The said beltruns normally loose or free on pulley b4, and to put it under tensionfor the purpose of operating the feedscrew F and advancing thetool-carriage O 9o we employ the tightening mechanism shown in elevationin Fig. 3. A loose pulley g is carried on the free end of a rocker-armS, which is connected by a horizontal bar g with a vertical hand-leverH, pivoted to the end of the frame A. This lever is secured in anyadjustment to an arc bar I, Fig. 3, for the purpose of holding thepulleyg pressed against the belt D for tightening it, as required todrive the shaftsE and F and operate the tool-carriage C. roo

Figs. 2 and 3 show an attachment of the work-holder B, which serves toturn the buttend of the wooden block X, and also to bevel the end of theblock while the cutting-tool is feeding into the latter. It likewiseserves to cut ott the hull or vessel last formed in case the cnttingtooldoes not cut clear through the block. it consists of a slotted bit orhat cutter K, secured adjustably by means of a screw-bolt on ahorizontal bar k', fixed on the -work-holder B and supported at itsouter end by means of a brace 7a2. A feed-screw 7c3, having a hand-wheel7s" on its outer end, passes through the stock /t and is arrangedparallel to the aforesaid bar 7.1', in whose bent outer end it issuitablyjournaled. lt will be noted that this work-turning attachment,being carried by the work-.holder B, is adapted to be operated in anyposition the latter may be placed.

The tool-carriage proper C, which is advanced on the ways of bed A bythe screwshaft F, is moved back by means of a rack, pinion, andhand-wheel L.

A tool-stock m2 is journaled in the uprights of the tool-holder M andprovided with a lateral handle m3 for turning it on its axis, and it maybe clamped in any adjustment by screws m4 passing through the heads ofuprights and hearing on its journals. The inner end of the tool-stock m2has a socket to receive the shank of the cutter N, which is adapted tobe turned therein on its axis, and is clamped in any adjustment byscrews m5 passing through the walls of the socket, as shown. Directlybeneath and parallel to the tool-stock m2 and tool N is arranged a restO for the latter, the same consisting of a straight bar adapted to slidelongitudinally and having attached to its inner end an adjustabletool-support o. The latter is a slotted piece clamped to the bar O bythe lateral screw 0', its vertical adjustment being governed by aset-screw 02, applied underneath the barO.

The form or construction of the cuttingtool N is shown best in Fig. 7.It is curved or convex on the outer side and correspondingly concave onthe inner side, and the somewhat enlarged head 'n is beveled backwardand downward,thusformingachisel-like point or cutting portion. Thisshape adapts the cutter to its work so that it will make straight cuts,and to adjustment about its axis, as required to make circular cuts ofdifferent radius in the block X, features which are indispensable to apractically-successtul result in this class of machines.

The screw F, which feeds the carriage and thus advances the tool N toits work, passes through and rotates free in an unthreaded bore in theapron or pendent portion c of said carriage. In order to lock themtogether, so that the screw will operate the carriage, we employ themeans shown in Figs. l and 6.

l A half-nut P-t'. e., a small block having a semicircular threadednotch in one side-is adapted to slide vertically in the apron c, and israised and lowered byan eccentric @operated by an arm p', fixed on itshorizontal eX- tended axis. Then the arm p is pendent or vertical, asshown in Fig. 6, the nut P is held engaged with the feed-screw F, andthe carriage C is thereby locked with the latter, so that the rotationof said screw advances the carriage until the arm p of the eccentric pstrikes an adjustable stop Q on the rod q,

whereby the eccentric is rotated backwardand the nut P thrown out ofcontact with the feed-screw F, thus arresting the movement of thecarriage C.

It is necessary that the tool-rest O shall not come in contact with theblock X as the latter revolves. To this end we employ the stop R, Fig.2, which is a narrow plate or thin bar having a series of holes in oneend. The said stop R is supported on a post o' and secured adjustablythereon by means of a re movable pin o", which passes through one of itsholes. The other end of the stop R is loosely attached to the outer endof the toolrest O by means of a headed stud r2. It will be readilyunderstood that the stop R arrests and limits the forward movement ofthe rest O independently of the operation of the carriage C.

The general operation of the machine is as follows: A block X ofsuitable dimensions having a polygonal axial bore is secured on thearbor b2, and the driving-belt D being shifted from the loose to thefast pulley b3 the hand-wheel 7c" is rotated to advance the turning bitor cutter K, whereby the butt portion of the block X is quickly trimmedflat and smooth. The work-holder B is set at the required angle andclamped by the bolt b and its nut b. This angle is determined by thetaper required to be given to the several tubs or buckets, dac., cutfrom the block, the greater the taper the greater the angle, and theless the taper the less the angle. The tool-stock m2 having been rotatedto place the tool N in the required position-that is to say, to turn thetool on its axis so that its convex outer side shall bear properrelation with the circle to be cut in the block X (without which thetool will not make a straight cnt)- said stock is clamped by the screwsm4, so as to be held immovable. The eccentric lever or arm p is thenturned down to engage the nut P with the feed-screw F, and thebelt-tightener g H is operated to apply the required tension to the beltD, whereby the feed-screw F is put in motion and the carriage C causedto advance, so that the tool N begins its cut. The slotted stop Rarrests the tool-rest O, so as to prevent contact with the block. Whenthe tool N has made acircularcutof the required depth, the stop O throwsthe half-nut P out of engagement with the feed-screw F, and thus arreststhe forward movement of the carriage C, which is then moved back by therack and pinion L. The wheel m on the outer end of the transversefeed-screw m of the tool-holder M is next rotated to slide the latterlaterally the distance required to place This distance the tool N forthe second cut.

IIO

is indicated on a graduated plate, Fig. l, affixed to the lower edge ofthe tool-holder M by means of apointer or index t, secured to the bed ofthe carriage proper. The toolstock m2 is also turned slightly to suitthe greater conveXity of the narrower circle to be made by the toolmaking its next cut. As a means for conveniently ascertaining the degreeof rotation of the tool, a pointer or index u is attached radially tothe rear end of the tool-stock m2, Fig. l, and moves over aradially-graduated plate or disk u', fixed in position on the rearupright of the toolholder M. The above operations are repeated for everycut made. The block is then removed, and another being substituted theoperation begins de nero and proceeds as before described.

It will be noted that the holes in stop-bar permit its longitudinaladjustment as required for blocks X of different lengths; also, thepivotal connection of said stop-bar with its fixed support adapts it toswing laterally, corresponding to the lateral shifting of thetool-holder, as required for the successively smaller circular cuts madeby the tool.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a turning-machine, the combination, with the bed-frame, thetool-carriage sliding on the latter, and mechanism for feeding it, ofthe work-holder pivoted at its inner end, and the headed bolt b,workingin an are slot of said bed-frame and provided with a nut b for clampingthe work-holder at any required inclination to the tool or cutter, arotatable arbor mounted in the work-holder and adapted to carry a blockon its inner end, and means for connecting the said arbor and thecarriagefeed mechanism, as shown and described.

2. In a turning-machine, the combination, with the bed-frame, thetool-carriage sliding on the latter, a screw-shaft, and means fortemporarily locking it with the carriage, of the work-holder having anarbor, as specified, the shaft arranged longitudinally on the lowerportion of the frame, a belt-and-pulley connection between said arborand shaft, a similar connection between the latter and the feedscrewshaft, the half-nut adapted to engage the screw-shaft, an eccentric forraising and lowering the nut and having a lever-arm, as specified, and astop which engages the said arm, and thus automatically breaks theconnection between the feed-shaft and carriage, as shown and described.

3. In a turning-machine, the combination, with the work-holder pivotedand adapted for lateral adjustment, as set forth, of the blockturningattachment rigidly secured to and thus movable with the work-holder,consisting of a cutting-tool, a stock therefor, a bar arranged andsupported rigidly at a right angle to the arbor of the work-holder, anda rotatable screw-shaft j ournaled alongside said bar and serving toadjust the tool-stock along the latter, as shown and described.

4. In a turning-machine, the combination, with the worlrholder and acarriage adapted to slide toward and from the same, of a cutting-tooland a stock for holding it, the tool and stock being alignedhorizontally and the stock adapted for rotation on its axis to adj ustthe tool, as specified.

5. ln a turning-lathe, the combination, with the cutting-tool N and itsholder or stock arranged horizontally and aligned, as specified, of thetool-rest consisting of a bar O, carrying a tool-supporting piece at itsfree end and arranged beneath and parallel to said tool and stock, andalso adapted to slide lengthwise in its supports, whereby it may beadjusted in dependently of the tool, as and for the purpose specified.

6. ln a turning-machine, the combination, with the work-holder, thecarriage adapted to slide toward and from the latter, the toolholdersliding transversely on said carriage, the tool and sliding tool-rest,of the stop-bar adapted for adjustment lengthwise and pivoted on a fixedsupport and loosely connected with the rest, as shown and described.

ABRAHAM STONER. FRANCIS M. PENNEBAKER, iVitnesse's:

JOHN G. HOWELL, N. RHODES.

